【感恩节专刊】谢意深深深几许

今天是十一月的第四个星期四，也就是感恩节，【每日英语】谢谢所有朋友的支持，我们会继续努力的！

Thanksgiving Day 感恩节的由来

    Thanksgiving Day is the most truly American of the national Holidays in the United States and is most closely connected with the earliest history of the country.

    In 1620, the settlers, or Pilgrims, they sailed to America on the May flower, seeking a place where they could have freedom of worship. After a tempestuous two-month voyage they landed at in icy November, what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts.

    During their first winter, over half of the settlers died of[1] starvation or epidemics. Those who survived began sowing in the first spring.
All summer long they waited for the harvests with great anxiety, knowing that their lives and the future existence of the colony depended on the coming harvest. Finally the fields produced a yield rich beyond expectations. And therefore it was decided that a day of thanksgiving to the Lord be fixed[2]. Years later, President of the United States[3] proclaimed the fourth Thursday of November as Thanksgiving Day every year. The celebration of Thanksgiving Day has been observed on that date until today.

    The pattern of the Thanksgiving celebration has never changed through the years. The big family dinner is planned months ahead. On the dinner table, people will find apples, oranges, chestnuts, walnuts and grapes. There will be plum pudding, mince pie, other varieties of food and cranberry juice and squash. The best and most attractive among them are roast turkey and pumpkin pie. They have been the most traditional and favorite food on Thanksgiving Day throughout the years.

    Everyone agrees the dinner must be built around roast turkey stuffed with a bread dressing[4] to absorb the tasty juices as it roasts. But as cooking varies with families and with the regions where one lives, it is not easy to get a consensus on[5] the precise kind of stuffing for the royal bird.

Thanksgiving today is, in every sense, a national annual holiday on which Americans of all faiths and backgrounds join in to express their thanks for the year' s bounty and reverently ask for continued[6] blessings.

【中文译文】：

    感恩节的由来

    感恩节是美国国定假日中最地道、最美国式的节日，而且它和早期美国历史最为密切相关。

    1620年，一些朝圣者（或称为清教徒）乘坐"五月花"号船去美国寻求宗教自由。他们在海上颠簸折腾了两个月之后，终于在酷寒的十一月里，在现在的马萨诸塞州的普里茅斯登陆。

    在第一个冬天，半数以上的移民都死于饥饿和传染病，活下来的人们在第一个春季开始播种。整个夏天他们都热切地盼望着丰收的到来，他们深知自己的生存以及殖民地的存在与否都将取决于即将到来的收成。后来，庄稼获得了意外的丰收，所以大家决定要选一个日子来感谢上帝的恩典。多年以后，美国总统宣布每年十一月的第四个星期四为感恩节。感恩节庆祝活动便定在这一天，直到如今。

    感恩节庆祝模式许多年来从未改变。丰盛的家宴早在几个月之前就开始着手准备。人们在餐桌上可以吃到苹果、桔子、栗子、胡桃和葡萄，还有葡萄干布丁、碎肉馅饼、各种其它食物以及红莓苔汁和鲜果汁，其中最妙和最吸引人的大菜是烤火鸡和番瓜馅饼，这些菜一直是感恩节中最富于传统意义和最受人喜爱的食品。

    人人都赞成感恩节大餐必需以烤火鸡为主菜。火鸡在烘烤时要以面包作填料以吸收从中流出来的美味汁液，但烹饪技艺常因家庭和地区的不同而各异，应用什幺填料也就很难求得一致。

    今天的感恩节是一个不折不扣的国定假日。在这一天，具有各种信仰和各种背景的美国人，共同为他们一年来所受到的上苍的恩典表示感谢，虔诚地祈求上帝继续赐福。

    注释：

    1. died of：死于…… 当死于身体内部原因的，die后面要接介词of，如：饥饿（starvation）、悲伤（sadness）等；当死于外因时则要用die from，比如死于受伤（wound）.

    2. it was decided that a day of thanksgiving to the Lord be fixed： decide可是个让你省事儿的好词了。它后面如果接从句，往往接虚拟语气。所以看见decide后面的从句，你就可以大胆地用动词（should）+" 原形""啦！

    3. 这位总统就是伟大的林肯总统了。

    4. dressing：调味品、填料。这里的dressing可不是穿的呀，a bread dressing可不是"面包衣服"！和bread在一起，dressing自然就是吃的啦！它是"调味品"的意思，"穿"在食物的身上了.

    5. consensus on：就……达成一致。注：consensus后面的介词要用on，而不用about。

    6. continued：继续的。这里的continued看似动词continue的过去式，但它却是有自己的含义的，它是形容词"继续的"意思。这样continued blessings就是上帝"继续的赐福"了

【感恩节食谱】

    The most important part of Thanksgiving is the food! There are three essential parts of the traditional Thanksgiving meal:Stuffed Turkey, Sweet Potatoes and Pumpkin Pie.（肚子塞满东西的火鸡、甜马铃薯和南瓜饼）

    So, if you want to experience an American tradition you should learn how to make and enjoy all three of them!

    Other common Thanksgiving foods include Mashed Potatoes and Gravy, Cranberry Sauce, Biscuits, Wine, Vegetables and Squash.

    Here are easy Thanksgiving recipes:

【English】：

    Roast Turkey with Chestnut Stuffing Recipe
    1 x 12 lb Turkey
    1 x Chestnut filling recipe (as follows)
    1/2 cup Butter
    1/4 cup Flour
    Salt

    Dress and clean turkey and fill with Chestnut Stuffing.
    Cream together the butter and flour and rub the legs,wings, and breast of the turkey with the mixture.
    Place in oven (400-F) for 15 minutes. Season with salt.
    Reduce the heat to 350-F and finish roasting for 3-1/2 hours or until tender.

【中式的做法二种】：

西式圣诞火鸡做法

    材料：4杯野米、1两蘑菇、1两西芹、1两红萝卜、1只雪藏火鸡。

    调味料：适量胡椒粉、1安土(25克)牛油、少许茜子、适量盐、1茶匙蒜茸、1杯清鸡汤。

    烹调方法：

    1、火鸡洗净去内脏，用盐及胡椒粉腌30分钟。

    2、野米隔干水份与蒜蓉及其它蔬菜粒用牛油炒片刻，加入茜子及调味。

    3、加入鸡汤煮滚，用慢火煮至半熟，待凉。

    4、将野米馅放入火鸡腔内，用锡纸盖着开口，置煤气焗炉8度(230°Ｃ／450°Ｆ)焗约2小时至熟

中式百宝酿火鸡做法

    材料：火鸡1只、糯米1杯蒸熟、香肠2条、切丁香菇8朵(泡软切丁)、虾米2汤匙(泡软)、蒜3颗、葱粒1／2汤匙、西洋芹1／2棵、洋葱1个。

    调味料：酒3汤匙、盐2茶匙、胡椒粉少许、酱油2茶匙、糖1／4茶匙、水1汤匙、奶油少许。

    烹调方法：

    1、将火鸡解冻、洗净、擦干水分，再将火鸡以酱油、糖、水腌制。

    2、起油锅爆香蒜，放入虾米、香菇和香肠炒熟糯米、葱粒、酒、盐、胡椒粉拌匀作为填充料。将填充料塞入火鸡鸡胸内，用铁针插封切口。

    3、将火鸡表面涂奶油后放入烤箱。

    4、填塞火鸡时要注意必须等到火鸡要入烤箱时才可以把填塞的料塞进火鸡体内。

    5、将西洋芹切段，洋葱切粗丝后在火鸡底下，所需要烤的时间要看火鸡的大小来调整。